Starting All Over essays

Starting from the very beginning expositions Beam Bradburys the Martian Chronicles is a modern tale about space travel, intrusion and planet colonization. Investigating characters in this twenty-eight-part novel is very troublesome on the grounds that each section incorporates various characters, which are arranged to frame the plot. Every part characters are utilized to show the establishing of the planet Mars, its colonization, the devastation of Earth and nearly the entire human race, lastly the modifying of the human progress on Mars. The story begins in the time of 1999 and finishes twenty after seven years in 2026. Beam Bradbury doesnt simply recount to his story from the perspective of the space voyagers and the colonizers, yet from irate Martians who were attempting to murder the people or Martians later on who were simply having a discussion with a human about Mars, additionally individuals seeing the extraordinary frontier change occur. Commander Wilder was the chief of the fourth endeavor to Mars from Earth. The three undertakings before had fizzled on the grounds that either the Martians deceived and slaughtered the earthlings or the earth individuals were thought of as intellectually sick and sent to an emergency clinic on Mars. Later on in the story when there are towns on Mars, the not many Martians are not victimized in light of the fact that the individuals on Mars were thoughtful individuals who were looking for new things and seeing Martians was uncommon. Fortunately the minor human disorder, chicken pox, had murdered off the majority of the Martians inadvertently. Chief Wilder and his group investigated the planet and reacted to Earth to state that the missions were effective, and with just a couple of entanglements. Chief Wilder with his Crew of Jeff Spender, Hathaway, Sam Parkhill, Cheroke, Gibbs and a couple of other men help start to depict the topic of the story, by discovering Mars and seeing that it was protected (this was in the start of the story, however in the last a few sections they a ... <!

Exam2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Exam2 - Assignment Example Around then, the lease would be $ 10000 every month. The following inquiry which emerges is that, regardless of whether the whole measure of $ 4000000 would be given from inner wellsprings of financing or an outer advance ought to likewise be taken. In the event that outer credit is taken, at that point it would be gotten to a measure of $ 2000000 having an enthusiasm of 5% every year. On the off chance that the structure is developed in 2017, at that point the aggregated measure of $ 4000000 can likewise be contributed and an enthusiasm on such venture @ 3.5% would be gotten. The expense of the structure would likewise be augmenting by 2.5% every year. Degree of profitability has been determined by thinking about that the loan fee on the speculation of $ 4000000 is 3.5%. Question 1 Return on Investment Particulars Amount (in $) Invested Amount 4000000 Return on Investment for the year 2013 (from October to December) 35000 Return on Investment for the year 2014 140000 Return on Inves tment for the year 2015 140000 Return on Investment for the year 2016 140000 Total Return on Investment 455000 Return on Investment (in Percentage) 11.375% The arrival on venture is an exhibition measure that is utilized for assessing the proficiency and exactness of any speculation (Megginson and Scott, 2008). It is a compelling presentation estimating instrument, which helps in taking proper choices by the organization (Rachlin, 1997). It helps in staying away from imperfections in the administrative choices taken by any organization. On the off chance that the aggregated measure of $ 4000000 is contributed, at that point a yearly premium @ 2.5 percent would be earned each year till 2017. The premium earned in the first year is 35000 and the premium earned in next three years is $ 140000 every year. All out premium earned is $455000. Quantifiable profit is 11.375%. Question 2 Inflation rate is portrayed as the constant increment in the value level of merchandise and ventures. It i s determined as the yearly rate rise. Findlay is the name of a city in Ohio, United States. The Inflation pace of United States, as anticipated by International Monetary Fund, has been demonstrated as follows: (International Monetary Fund, 2012) Within the timespan of 2014 to 2018, the swelling rate as evaluated by the Personal Consumption Expenditure Price Index would ascend somewhat and afterward it would stay consistent at a pace of 2 percent (CBO, 2013). Assurance of the anticipated yearly swelling pace of Ohio is additionally vital. ‘The Ohio Department of Transportation’ has evaluated the Inflation Rate of Ohio to be: High Most Likely Low 2013 8 % 5.7% 3% 2014 10% 5.5% 3.5% 2015 8.95% 5.9% 3.5% 2016 7.5% 4.5% 1.5% 2017 7% 4% 1% Question 3 It has been expressed that the estimation of the structure would be expanding by 2.5 percent consistently beginning from 2014. The augmentation has been appeared in the accompanying table: Particulars Amount (in $) Present estima tion of the structure 4000000 Value of the structure in 2014 4100000 Value of the structure in 2015 4202500 Value of the structure in 2016 4307562.5 Value of the structure in 2017 4415251.56 Net Increase 415251.56 It can be seen from the previously mentioned table that the estimation of the structure expanded yearly. The estimation of the structure in 2014 expanded to $ 4100000. It expanded to $ 4202500 in the year 2015. In the year 2016, the worth expanded to $ 4307562.5 lastly in the year 2017, the worth expanded to $ 415251.56. Question 4 Option 1 Paying the entire sum from the inside wellsprings of financing

Tour My Minimalist Apartment

Tour My Minimalist Apartment The Allure of Minimalism in Photographs Step inside my apartment for a moment. Welcome. Im glad you could spend a few minutes chez Millburn. Please pardon the mess. Just kidding. Anyhow, walk this way, watch your step, Ill show you around. People are often intrigued by my living space, or rather by the idea of my living space, wondering what it looks like, how a minimalist really lives, often posing all sorts of voyeuristic questions: How many things do you own? What does your livingroom look like? Do you sleep on the floor? But thats okayâ€"I understand the allure. When I first approached minimalism, lingering trepidatiously at its pristine white perimeter, I too wanted to see the material changes in peoples lives; I wanted to peek into their worlds to see whether minimalism was possible and to see if it was something I desired. Even then, I knew minimalism wasnt ideal for everyone. After all, I didnt want to be a monk, I didnt want to live out of a bag and travel the world, and I certainly didnt want to get rid of all my stuff and sulk in an empty apartment. Could I be happy as a minimalist? When Ryan and I first started this website, I counted my things as a parody, showcasing the fact that I didnt have the desire to be  as extreme as some minimalists. In that essay you can see a picture of my beautiful loft apartment in downtown Dayton, Ohio, a capacious living space with hardwood floors and high ceilings, wide open and airy from brick wall to brick wall. It was not unlike something youd see in a magazine (actually, it was featured in a couple  magazines). When I left my corporate job, however, I decided to downsize; I decided to reduce my expenses so I could afford to live my dream. So I moved into a small, one-bedroom apartment, not too far from the picturesque old loft. At first, I wondered whether  I could be as happy with my new apartment. Although the new place was clean, and it had wood floors and brick walls, it didnt have the same sexy allure the loft had. Even the word loft  sounds sexy, doesnt it? Could I be content with this change? I wasnt sure. Fast-forward a year and, truth be told, I enjoy my new, smaller apartment more than my old loftâ€"a feat I thought impossible a year ago. The elegance of minimalism transferred seamlessly to my new dwelling. Plus, my new apartment is brighter during the day, its quieter when I want to write, its located in a nicer neighborhood with 19th-Century brick homes and tree-lined streets and a beautiful park, and its closer to my favorite coffee shop and restaurants. Oh, and at $500 a month, its considerably less expensive than the loft. Recently, a Norwegian magazine commissioned my friend, photographer Adam Dressler, to take a few photographs of my apartment for their organ. Below are some of the photos from that shoot (if youre curious). Feel free to have a look around. Photos of a Minimalists Apartment (Click any picture to enlarge it.) Entryway The first thing youll notice when you walk inside the apartment is its small entryway (if the apartment was larger, you might call it a foyer), containing a wall-mounted coatrack that holds a jacket, an umbrella, and a wool hat (courtesy of She Makes Hats). And just ahead, youll find a red chair: Walk up a flight of stairs (Im not always perched on the bottom step laughing), and at the top of the steps youll see a small table topped with a bowl containing a few of the personal effects I take along on my daily walks (headphones, notebook, pen, etc.). Theres also an unplugged red phone  occupying the bottom shelf, a phone that represents my personal unplugging from the telecom industry (where I spent 12 years). Above this stand hangs a leather coat on the wall, a piece of clothing thats also (accidentally) a piece of artwork when Im not wearing it. Living/Dining Area Kitchen From there, the majority of the apartmentâ€"dining/living area, kitchen, reading nookâ€"are all contained in one bright, open space. My dining table comfortably seats six (yes, I have the silverware to feed six, too): Its also a great place to work with a friend: Near the dining table sits a tiny reading nook in which I spend many hours, though Im typically not gazing out the window contemplatively (pictured), although I do do that from time to time: Whenever I want to think without thinking,  as the main character does in my novel,  As a Decade Fades, I  pick up the guitar a play a few chords, searching the rooms empty spaces for euphony (Im a surprisingly bad guitar player): Between the dining area and the kitchen, sits a dividing wall/bar that serves as a casual eating surface: After getting rid of 2,000 books, only a few remain. Where some people might shelve their cookbooks in the kitchen, I stack my writing books, a few of which are required reading in the online writing class I teach: The kitchen cabinets hide everything unsightly from plain view, especially my wide assortment of herbal teas, not to mention the dish soap and (tucked away in the back) a nearly magical masticating juicer: Bedroom Writing Space A small hallway leads you to the bedroom, in which of course youll find a bed, as well as  a nearby writing space, which allows me to roll out of bed at 3:30 a.m. and write: The nightstand next to the bed bears a duet of candles and a phone charger that doubles as an alarm clockâ€"my only clock, in fact: The nearby dresser supports a lamp, a candle, and an extremely complex stereo system (iPod doc). And its drawers even accommodate a handful of teeshirts: Bedroom Closet The bedroom closet carries the rest of my clothes and a few iron weights for my 18 minutes of daily exercise: On Your Way Out Oh, you have to go? Bummer! Well, before you make your way down the stairs, you can peek inside the bathroom and get a glimpse of the the guest towels: The Benefits of My Minimalist Lifestyle Clearly the above pictures dont represent every single item in my apartment, although that is nearly everything. The apartment obviously has a toilet and a fridge and a shower. I also display digitally framed pictures on a shelf next to the writing books; cleaning supplies are lined neatly in a hallway closet next to an iron and ironing board; and even a washer and dryer are tucked away behind a sliding door in the bedroom. Plus  I own other things not pictured, like, say, for example, a car and a single suit and a drawer of socks and underwear and a travel bag. That said, my needs will change in time, and thus what I own will change, but Ill continue to embrace minimalism as a way of living because the benefits are astounding (namely:  intentional living, personal freedom, deeper awareness, better health, improved relationships, individual growth, and meaningful contribution). There are plenty of fringe benefits from living my minimalist lifestyle, too, many of which I never anticipated. For example, I used to spend eight hours at a time cleaning my big, three-bedroom suburban house, vacuuming and mopping the floors, dusting every surface and knickknack; but my current apartment takes less than 45 minutes to clean, including mopping and scrubbing the bathroom. I didnt have to tidy up before Adam took these photographs. Seriously. This is what my place looks like every day. I remember the old days when Id spend an entire weekend organizing junk, separating miscellanea into various organizing bins, using a complex item-dispersal system to separate my hoard; but now its easy to remain organized since I dont own much to organize in the first place. Instead, Ive discovered that its much easier to get rid of something than it is to clean or organize it. Empty spaces allow us to focus on ourselves and the people around usâ€"to find ourselves in sparenessâ€"not in the things were constantly trying to take care of. The biggest fringe benefit, however, is the calm I feel when I return home. No longer am I worried about the wall-to-wall disorder. No longer am I bothered by the organized chaos. No longer am I discontent with my surroundings. My simple living space is calm, relaxed, serene. Damn, it feels good to come home. Update: In the fall of 2012 I moved to a cabin in Montana. As of 2017, I live in a minimalist home with my partner, Rebecca, and our three-year-old. You can subscribe to The Minimalists for free via email. You May Also Enjoy How to Start a Successful Blog Today Learn how to start a blog in less than an hour. Follow the step-by-step instructions we used when starting our blog, which now has reached more than 20 million people. Creating this blog is one of the best decisions Ryan and I ever made. After all, our blog is how we earn a living. More important, it's how we add value to other people's lives. Read more 30-Day Minimalism Game Let's play a simple game together. We call it the 30-Day Minimalism Game. Find a friend, family member, or coworker who's willing to minimize their stuff with you next month. Read more 11 Ways to Write Better We are all writers now. Whether you write books, blog posts, emails, Instagram captions, or text messages, you are a writer. No matter your preferred medium, here are a few tips to help you write more effectively. Read more Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.

Death of a Salesman Who Is Willy Loman

Death of a Salesman   is a non-linear play. It interweaves the protagonist Willy Lomans present (the late 1940s) with his memories of a happier past. Because of Willys frail mind, the old salesman sometimes doesnt know if he is living in the realm of today or yesterday. Playwright Arthur Miller wants to portray Willy Loman as the Common Man. This notion contrasts much of Greek theater which sought to tell tragic stories of great men. Instead of Greek Gods bestowing a cruel fate upon the protagonist, Willy Loman makes several terrible mistakes that result in a meager, pathetic life. Willy Lomans Childhood Throughout Death of a Salesman, details about Willy Lomans infancy and adolescence are not fully divulged. However, during the memory scene between Willy and his brother Ben, the audience learns a few bits of information. Willy Loman was born in the late 1870s. (We learn that he is 63 in Act One).His nomadic father and family roamed across the country in a wagon.According to Ben, their father was a great inventor, but he doesnt specify what sort of gadgets he created, with the exception of his hand-crafted flutes.Willy remembers being a toddler, sitting around a fire and listening to his father play the flute. It is one of his only memories of his father. Willys dad left the family when Willy was three years old. Ben, who seems at least 15 years older than Willy, departed in search for their father. Instead of heading north for Alaska, Ben accidentally went south and found himself in Africa at the age of 17. He made a fortune by the age of 21. Willy never hears from his father again. When he is much older, Ben visits him twice — in between travel destinations. According to Willy, his mother died a long time ago, probably sometime after Willy matures into adulthood. Did the lack of a father negatively affect Willys character? Willy is desperate for his brother Ben to extend his visit. He wants to make certain that his boys are being raised correctly. Aside from being unsure about his parental abilities, Willy is self-conscious about how others perceive him. (He once punched a man for calling him a walrus). It could be argued that Willys character flaws stem from parental abandonment. Willy Loman: A Poor Role Model Sometime during Willys early adulthood, he meets and marries Linda. They live in Brooklyn and raise two sons, Biff and Happy. As a father, Willy Loman offers his sons terrible advice. For example, this is what the old salesman tells teenage Biff about women: Just wanna be careful with those girls, Biff, thats all. Dont make any promises. No promises of any kind. Because a girl, yknow, they always believe what you tell em. -Willy This attitude is adopted all too well by his sons. During her sons teen years, Linda notes that Biff is too rough with the girls. Happy grows up to become a womanizer who sleeps with women who are engaged to his managers. Several times during the play, Happy promises that he is going to get married — but it is a flimsy lie that no one takes seriously. Willy also condones Biffs thievery. Biff, who eventually develops a compulsion to steal things, swipes a football from his coachs locker room. Instead of disciplining his son about the theft, he laughs about the incident and says, Coachll probably congratulate you on your initiative! Above all things, Willy Loman believes that popularity and charisma will outdo hard work and innovation. Willy Lomans Affair Willys actions are worse than his words. Throughout the play, Willy mentions his lonely life on the road. To alleviate his loneliness, he has an affair with a woman that works at one of his clients offices. While Willy and the nameless woman rendezvous in a Boston hotel, Biff pays his father a surprise visit. Once Biff realizes that his father is a phony little fake, Willys son becomes ashamed and distant. His father is no longer his hero. After his role model falls from grace, Biff starts to drift from one job to the next, stealing petty things to rebel against authority figures. Willys Friends and Neighbors Willy Loman belittles his industrious and intelligent neighbors, Charley and his son Bernard. Willy mocks both individuals when Biff is a high school football star, but after Biff becomes a jaded drifter, he turns to his neighbors for help. Charley lends Willy fifty dollars a week, sometimes more, in order to help Willy pay the bills. However, whenever Charley offers Willy a decent job, Willy becomes insulted. He is too proud to accept a job from his rival and friend. It would be an admission of defeat. Charley might be a surly old man, but Miller has imbued this character with a great deal of pity and compassion. In every scene, we can see that Charley hopes to gently steer Willy onto a less self-destructive path. He tells Willy that it is sometimes best to let go of disappointment.He tries to praise Willys accomplishments (especially in regards to putting up the ceiling).He doesnt boast or brag about his successful son Bernard.Sensing that Willy is contemplating suicide, Charley tells him, Nobodys worth nothin dead. (Perhaps Charleys double-negative confused the salesman!) In their last scene together, Willy confesses: Charley, youre the only friend I got. Isnt that a remarkable thing. When Willy ultimately commits suicide, it makes the audience wonder why he could not embrace the friendship that he knew existed. Too much guilt? Self-loathing? Pride? Mental instability? Too much of a coldhearted business world? The motivation of Willys final action is open to interpretation. What do you think?

Art versus Pornography Essay - 889 Words

Art versus Pornography Her head rests on her left knee, with her hands clasped on her ankle. Locks of hair are thrown about in an auburn blaze. Her tight rosy lips are as red as her cheeks. Her dark-blue eyes reveal a half-seductive, half-submissive look. Her legs are in a subdued spread-eagle formation, leaving her crotch area quite visible. Her white panties leave little to the imagination. The sexual overtones are more than just a coincidence. Suspend your imagination for a minute and ask yourself if the description formed in your mind a work of art or, instead, a photograph of softcore pornography, found in such magazines as Hustler or Playboy? Where this description is taken from will be disclosed later,†¦show more content†¦The problem unfolds itself with two simple definitions. Webster describes art as creative work generally, or its principles; the making or doing of things that have form and beauty. He defines pornography as writings, pictures, etc. intended to arouse sexual desir es or the production of such writings, pictures, etc. To elucidate these definitions further, art primarily focuses upon form and beauty, pornography on sexual arousal. The line between a pornographic photo and a work of art, is the way the body is presented. Pornography is concerned with titillation and feelings of lust, while art is concerned with beauty for aesthetic purposes. In a pornographic photo the body is considered naked whereas in a work of art, it is considered nude. Nakedness is usually equated with arousal, whereas a nude is a higher classification of an unclothed body, it does not necessarily imply lust or titillation. In describing someone coming out of the shower, one would say That person is naked rather than That person is nude because the nude is considered a form of art. The distinction between naked and nude is aesthetic versus pleasure. Art serves to please the eye, but this is not its only redeeming quality. Art is intellectual as well as pleasing. R obert Mapplethorpes photos of the male nude are art not simply because of the form of the body is beautiful, but because of theShow MoreRelatedThe Role of Federal Agencies in Fighting Digital Crime Essay827 Words   |  4 Pagesconcerning digital crime have created challenges that limit enforcement efforts against digital crime. The Department Of Justice has had to address evolving challenges such as mortgage fraud, corporate fraud, and cyber crime including online child pornography. As it seeks to balance and address competing and new priorities, the department faces several key challenges. The FBI is continually faced with capital challenges in its transformation efforts to develop its counterterrorism capabilities, includingRead MorePornography is it right? Essay2384 Words   |  10 Pageschallenges the question of whether pornography is morally ethical or unethical and how society views it today. There were three key ethical theories used to related and cross-examine to see and understand the different views of pornography and how each ethical theory provides a different reasoning behind it. Whether pornography is ethical or unethical in society, this research paper provides you with concrete examples of why our society feels the way they do about pornography and what has influenced thoseRead MoreKil l A Mockingbird, By Harper Lee1668 Words   |  7 Pageshuman-trafficking or â€Å"sex slavery†. Every year, about eight-hundred-thousand women are abducted into this sex-slave ring around the world. Women and children are forced into sex work, including pornography and prostitution often in exchange for money. It is extremely difficult to differentiate forced versus consensual pornography and prostitution. This is why it is so difficult to catch and punish sex trafficking perpetrators. Women are the largest percentage of sex-trafficking victims. Most cases of human-traffickingRead More Contemporary Art Essay2541 Words   |  11 PagesContemporary Art: Dealing with Post-Modernity − †Art worlds consist of all the people whose activities are necessary to the production of the characteristic works which that world, and perhaps others as well, define as art. †¦ By observing how an art world makes those distinctions rather than trying to make them ourselves we can understand much of what goes on in that world.... The basic unit of analysis, then, is an art world.† - Howard Becker (Art Worlds) Postmodernism deconstructs ModernismRead MoreEssay on The Importance of Moderation in Greek Philosophy1842 Words   |  8 Pagesthe senses (Boeree). The other is called rationalism that espouses that knowledge is gained by thought and reasoning (Boeree). The Greeks also developed Ethics which is the study of morality. Within Ethics, the ideas of good and bad and pleasure versus pain are explored. The most famous Greek philosophers including Socrates and Plato all comment on knowledge, but the best example is Aristotle and his Theory of Means. This moral doctrine was developed around the fourth century BCE and is consideredRead MoreCalculus Oaper13589 Words   |  55 Pagessexuality] upon them by means of rape (including marital rape) and wife beating; father-daughter, brother-sister incest; the socialization of women to feel that male sexual drive amounts to a right,(15)   idealization of heterosexual romance in art, literature, media, advertising, and so forth; child marriage; arranged marriage; prostitution; the harem; psychoanalytic doctrines of frigidity and vaginal orgasm; pornographic depictions of women responding pleasurably to sexual violence and humiliationRead MoreAnthropology : A Holistic Study Of The Human Race, Past And Present2720 Words   |  11 Pagesportion of their cultural heritage as a lot of the history of the people is transmitted from generation to generation in oral form. The community to which the endangered language belongs loses its traditions in the form of songs, poetry and other art that were pervasive in the language. Various disciplines can also benefit from the study of endangered as majority of the biological diversity that exists ha ve not been identified using contemporary language and the knowledge of these floras and faunaRead MoreThe Child Protection System Keeps Vulnerable Children Safe2239 Words   |  9 Pageschildren and/or the distribution of child pornography. This provides a means in which adults can establish contact with children with a view to ‘grooming’ them for inappropriate or abusive relationships (ACPC, 2005). A useful document for social workers is â€Å"E-Safety Messages†. This document marks the first stage in the Safeguarding Board’s work on the new and growing concern of e-safety (SBNI, 2014). Another challenge for social workers is parent’s rights versus child’s rights. â€Å"Working with childrenRead MoreEssay on Serial Killer Profiling2183 Words   |  9 Pagesattempt to do just that. An investigator tries to discern information about the killer based on the information at the crime scene, deducing information about the cause from the effect. This is not an exact science, and has been often likened to an art. It is the goal of this work to provide the reader with a basic understanding of the function and application of forensic psychology, as well as an explication of some of its strengths and weaknesses. Profiling itself has been in use since Jack theRead MoreA Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Survey regarding Sex, Contraception and Sexually Transmitted Diseases among Commerce College Students in Mumbai2000 Words   |  8 PagesPrevious studies have revealed a less than satisfactory awareness and attitudes towards sexuality and also that the educational background plays a role with the overall knowledge of science students being better compared to that of the commerce and arts students (9,10). Keeping the above in mind, we conducted this study with the following objectives: 1. To determine the knowledge and awareness regarding various aspects of sex. 2. To determine the factors affecting the above. 3. To provide baseline

Reaction between Valine and Serine Free Essays

A DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is composed of 4 different bases; adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C) and thymine (T). Applying these 4 bases it may contain thousands of sequences within a single strand. Each of these bases makes a specific pairing with a corresponding base whereby the double helix structure is synthesised. We will write a custom essay sample on Reaction between Valine and Serine or any similar topic only for you Order Now This interaction is called base-paring and the complementary base pairs are; T pairs only with A and C only with G. Through this simple coding language, the DNA carries and represents its vast genetic information. Through a process called transcription, the genetic information of DNA is copied to form an intermediary molecule termed ribonucleic acid (RNA/messenger RNA). This formation is synthesised in the same way as DNA replication. However this process occurs only on one DNA strand called template strand. Thus the mRNA is only a single strand with 4 bases; adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C) and uracil (U). The base-pairing rules are, DNAmRNA GC CG TA AU This will be synthesised through enzyme RNA polymerase and happens in the nucleus of the cell. This transcribed mRNA consist the genetic code, which is used to generate proteins in the following process called translation. This code is comprised of triplets that specifies an amino acid (e.g. AUG for methionine) and named as codon. These codons are recognised by transfer RNA. T-RNA can bind specific amino acid on one side by means of enzymes and has got an anticodon consists of triplets on the other side. Each amino acid has got its own tRNA. The 1st mRNA codon will be always AUG, the start codon. Once the 2nd  amino acid is bound to the 1st one, the 1st tRNA will be released and the 3rd one follows. This process is repeated until the so-called stop-codon in the mRNA terminates the growing protein synthesis. The completed protein is then released and takes its own characteristic shape. This process occurs in the cytosol of the cell. The four-character language of DNA/mRNA can be converted into 20-character language of protein. However there are 64 combinations of mRNA codons as there are 4 possibilities for the 1st codon and 4 for the 2nd and 4 for the 3rd (4 x 4 x 4 = 64). Certainly there are many codons for many amino acids; however some are not, for instant stop-/start codons. How to cite Reaction between Valine and Serine, Papers

Negative Impacts of Computer Technology

The Nano-Chip Implants These chips have been designed using nanotechnology. Their basic working principle is based on computer programming. These chips have the ability to perform various functions. For instance, they can erase human memory, enhance the ability of human memory, boost the effectiveness of the brain, utilize the human senses in computer systems, and also detect anomalies in the human body.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Negative Impacts of Computer Technology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, the chips are indeed one of the greatest scientific inventions of this era. The scientist who came up with this technology hoped that it would make life more interesting and comfortable for all human beings. The capability of the chips to monitor human senses has made it possible to be used by the security agencies. The results are tremendous since the eye can be used as a camera while the ear can p erform the function of a microphone. The security personnel have been transformed to moving surveillance cameras. They hardly get sick or emotional since the parts that trigger emotions have been erased. This technology has completely managed to curb most of the chronic infections. An early detection method even without the knowledge of the affected person has boosted the healthcare sector. The use of the nano-chips has finally given rise to a super human. However, this type of technology has some shortfalls. For instance, the nano-chips are very small and can be induced through ingestion. This has significantly interfered with the human’s right to privacy because any individual can be used as a camera to monitor other people. The technology’s capability in terms of memory manipulation is also threatening to wipe out humanity. Mankind will be converted to perfect machines without emotions, family ties, and cultural beliefs. Negative impacts of computer technology The 2 1st century has witnessed the desire to incorporate computing technology in several aspects of our daily lives. As such, a computer is turning out to be a necessity in every person’s life. This technology has tremendous negative effects to humanity in. For example, advances made in computing knowledge have led to sophisticated acts of crime and elimination of several employment opportunities that were initially done manually.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The societal values have also changed remarkably due to increased computer use. Currently family values in some cultures have been eroded. For example, young people may have quick access to adult content from online sources. Besides, members of the society no longer understand how to socialize face to face due to increased use of social media. Computing knowledge has equally made it easy to make fake identities. Di gital crimes have become a norm as many people continue to gain access to computer literacy. The most common crime is piracy. The latter has been enhanced because most media files have been converted to digital formats and therefore easy to produce copies. Piracy is a major impediment towards the growth of the music industry. Online hackers are also on the increase. Confidential information can easily be accessed when someone gains access to private data through a computer. There are increasing instances of money laundering and theft from banks. Since most confidential files and records are stored in computers, they can easily be deleted remotely. Computer systems have the ability of performing work faster than human beings. A single computer with one operator can perform work that could have been done by several people. This has resulted into massive unemployment. It has affected the livelihoods of many individuals across the employment field. The negative effects associated with t he use of computers can be managed in various ways. The manufacturers of computers should design these devices in such a way that they both healthy to use and also do not erode our values. Computers should be designed with improved security protocols that can assist in eliminating digital crimes. In addition, employment opportunities should be boosted by various governments across the world because computerization of the systems has negatively impacted the availability of job opportunities. Personal Obligation and Web Content The number of personal websites has increased significantly in the recent past. Besides, sharing information on these websites has also been on the increase. This information is used for academic purposes and also when handling emergencies such as first aid instructions, general knowledge, and several other aspects of life. This implies that the contents on websites have become increasingly vital in the contemporary society.Advertising We will write a cust om essay sample on Negative Impacts of Computer Technology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The information available on website are supposed to be accurate bearing in mind that there are millions of web users who rely website contents on a daily basis. Currently, measures that have been put in place to enhance authentic publication of web content are quite limited. This leaves all the obligations to owners of websites to ensure that the contents posted are appropriate and accurate. We live in a society where character is judged based on our actions. If a website owner wants be credited, then it is pertinent to ensure that the information being released to the public is indeed credible. The internet has so far become a rich source of learning resources. It is a type of resource that has proved to be cost effective and easily accessible. As it stands now, the internet and related web content are largely used for informative purposes. T herefore, it cannot be neglected as a learning resource. The governments and major players in the industry have put up measures that are believed will protect the internet as a vital part of human life. This initiative will not succeed if the owners of websites do not feel ethically obligated to provide the most credible services to internet users who access their websites. Social Websites and Employee Character Analysis The code of morality has been developed since time immemorial. There are myriads of values that have been adopted while others have been completely dropped from human civilization. The current age is definitely in a phase of moral crisis. This has been worsened by the widespread exposure to social networking websites. Ethical standards are based on truth alone. How sure do these employers know that what they are reading from social networking sites is true about that person they are interviewing? These employers should try to get a distinction between personal and p ublic or professional life. These two are completely different and should not be mixed. A good example is a person who was denied a job opportunity because of a letter written online when the person was still a student. The letter denied the person employment opportunities until when it was withdrawn.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When a person is applying for a job, the past personal interests should never play a role in determining the effectiveness of that individual. College and work life are very different. It is therefore difficult to predict the true nature of a person based on social networking sites. This essay on Negative Impacts of Computer Technology was written and submitted by user Zachary Park to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Battle of Hamburger Hill in the Vietnam War

Battle of Hamburger Hill in the Vietnam War The Battle of Hamburger Hill was fought May 10-20, 1969, during the Vietnam War (1955-1975). In late spring 1969, American and South Vietnamese forces commenced Operation Apache Snow with the intent of driving North Vietnamese troops from the A Shau Valley. As the operation moved forward, heavy fighting developed around Hill 937. This soon became the focus of the battle and additional American forces were committed with the goal of securing the hill. After a grinding, bloody fight, Hill 937 was secured. The fighting on Hill 937 was covered extensively by the press who questioned why the battle was necessary. This public relations problem escalated when the hill was abandoned fifteen days after its capture. Fast Facts: Battle of Hamburger Hill Conflict: Vietnam War (1955-1975)Date: May 10-20, 1969Armies Commanders:United StatesMajor General Melvin Zaisapprox. 1,800 menNorth VietnamMa Vinh Lanapprox. 1,500 menCasualties:United States: 70 killed and 372 woundedNorth Vietnam: Approximately 630 killed Background In 1969, US troops began Operation Apache Snow with the goal of clearing the Peoples Army of Vietnam (PAVN) from the A Shau Valley in South Vietnam. Located near the border with Laos, the valley had become an infiltration route into South Vietnam and a haven for PAVN forces. A three-part operation, the second phase commenced on May 10, 1969, as elements of Colonel John Conmeys 3rd Brigade of the 101st Airborne moved into the valley. Among Conmeys forces were the 3rd Battalion, 187th Infantry (Lieutenant Colonel Weldon Honeycutt), 2nd Battalion, 501st Infantry (Lieutenant Colonel Robert German), and the 1st Battalion, 506th Infantry (Lt. Colonel John Bowers). These units were supported by the 9th Marines and the 3rd Battalion, 5th Cavalry, as well as elements of the Army of Vietnam. The A Shau Valley was covered in thick jungle and dominated by Ap Bia Mountain, which had been designated Hill 937. Unconnected to the surrounding ridges, Hill 937 stood alone and, like the surrounding valley, was heavily forested. Moving Out Terming the operation a reconnaissance in force, Conmeys forces began operations with two ARVN battalions cutting the road at the base of the valley while the Marines and 3/5th Cavalry pushed towards the Laotian border. The battalions from the 3rd Brigade were ordered to search and destroy PAVN forces in their own areas of the valley. As his troops were air mobile, Conmey planned to shift units rapidly should one encounter strong resistance. While contact was light on May 10, it intensified the following day when the 3/187th approached the base of Hill 937. Sending two companies to search the north and northwest ridges of the hill, Honeycutt ordered Bravo and Charlie companies to move towards the summit by different routes. Late in the day, Bravo met stiff PAVN resistance and helicopter gunships were brought in for support. These mistook the 3/187ths landing zone for PAVN camp and opened fire killing two and wounding thirty-five. This was the first of several friendly fire incidents during the battle as the thick jungle made identifying targets difficult. Following this incident, the 3/187th retreated into defensive positions for the night. Fighting for the Hill Over the next two days, Honeycutt attempted to push his battalion into positions where they could launch a coordinated assault. This was hampered by difficult terrain and fierce PAVN resistance. As they moved around the hill, they found that the North Vietnamese had constructed an elaborate system of bunkers and trenches. Seeing the focus of the battle shifting to Hill 937, Conmey shifted the 1/506th to the south side of the hill. Bravo Company was airlifted to the area, but the remainder of the battalion traveled by foot and did not arrive in force until May 19. Soldiers inspecting the damage in the surrounding area of Dong Ap Bia during Operation Apache Snow, May 1969. US Army Military History Institute On May 14 and 15, Honeycutt launched attacks against PAVN positions with little success. The next two days saw elements of the 1/506th probing the southern slope. American efforts were frequently hindered by the thick jungle which made air-lifting forces around the hill impractical. As the battle raged, much of the foliage around the summit of the hill was eliminated by napalm and artillery fire which was used to reduce the PAVN bunkers. On May 18, Conmey ordered a coordinated assault with the 3/187th attacking from the north and the 1/506th attacking from the south. Final Assaults Storming forward, Delta Company of the 3/187th almost took the summit but was beaten back with heavy casualties. The 1/506th was able to take the southern crest, Hill 900, but met heavy resistance during the fighting. On May 18, the commander of the 101st Airborne, Major General Melvin Zais, arrived and decided to commit three addition battalions to the battle as well as ordered that the 3/187th, which had suffered 60% casualties, be relieved. Protesting, Honeycutt was able to keep his men in the field for the final assault. US Army Photographer and assistant climbing through the devastated landscape on Dong Ap Bia after the battle. US Army Military History Institute Landing two battalions on the northeast and southeast slopes, Zais and Conmey launched an all-out assault on the hill at 10:00 AM on May 20. Overwhelming the defenders, the 3/187th took the summit around noon and operations began to reduce the remaining PAVN bunkers. By 5:00 PM, Hill 937 had been secured. Aftermath Due to the grinding nature of the fighting on Hill 937, it became known as Hamburger Hill. This also pays homage to a similar fight during the Korean War known as the Battle of Pork Chop Hill. In the fighting, US and ARVN forces suffered 70 killed and 372 wounded. Total PAVN casualties are unknown, but 630 bodies were found on the hill after the battle. Heavily covered by the press, the necessity of the fighting on Hill 937 was questioned by the public and stirred controversy in Washington. This was worsened by the 101sts abandonment of the hill on June 5. As a result of this public and political pressure, General Creighton Abrams altered US strategy in Vietnam from one of maximum pressure to protective reaction in an effort to lower casualties.

What Is a Point Guard Basketball’s Team Leader

What Is a Point Guard Basketball’s Team Leader SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Love watching Steph Curry hit three-pointers? Or seeing Lindsay Whalen dribble down the court? What exactly do these point guards do? What is a point guard in basketball, even? Well, every basketball team’s starting lineup is made up of five players (each team puts 5 people on the court): a center, small forward, power forward, shooting guard, and a point guard. Each of these players has unique skills that make them an asset on the court. What is a point guard’s specialty? A point guard’s expertise is typically ball handling and passing. What Is a Point Guard? Point guards in basketball are expected to be great at dribbling the ball and great at passing, so that they can create opportunities for their team to score. However, they need to be so much more than that. They’re team leaders; they’re the person the team turns to to lead them on offense. They need to have positive attitudes because they’re the person their teammates turn to for support; they need to keep morale high. The chart below shows the five players positioned on offense, so you can see how the point guard fits in with the rest of the team. The point guard is typically one of the shorter players on the team (simply because this position doesn’t require height like some of the others). However, point guards are also usually the fastest players on the team because they control their team’s offense. Point Guard Offensive Responsibilities What exactly does the point guard need to do on offense in basketball? You have to master these six key responsibilities to be a top point guard. #1: Bringing Up the Ball The point guard (labeled number 1 above) is traditionally responsible for bringing up the ball from the other side of the court. This means after the other team scores, the point guard dribbles the ball (bounces the ball back and forth on the ground) back to your side of the court. The point guard then usually stands near the top of the key (the point shown in the diagram above) and figures out what play to make. #2: Controlling the Pace Because point guards bring up the ball, they end up setting the pace for the offense. If they bring up the ball slowly, walking while dribbling, they’ll slow down the offense. This can be good if the team needs a breather or if the other team’s offense is moving very fast, it helps reset the pace of the game. If they bring up the ball quickly, running while dribbling, they’ll speed up their offense. They might do this to try to catch the other team off guard. #3: Calling Plays After bringing up the ball, they may also call for the team to run a specific play. They may literally call it out loud by shouting something â€Å"James 45,† or they might make some sort of hand motion to signal for a play (such as putting their fist in the air). Think of them as the team organizer, like the quarterback in football. They start with the ball and then try to organize the team to get the ball to the basket. #4: Passing As I said, the point guard is an expert passer in basketball. As a point guard, you need to be good at passing the ball because once you dribble the ball to your side of the court, you’ll need to pass the ball to your fellow teammates to create opportunities to score. You’ll never see a point guard who can’t pass well. It’s arguably their most crucial skill. #5: Outside Shooting The point guard needs to be able to make shots from far away from the basket. While some players, such as the center and forwards, play close to the basket, the point guard generally stays around the 3-point line or just inside, so they need to be able to shoot from farther away. #6: Driving to the Basket While you’ll primarily see point guards pass or shoot from the outside, you’ll sometimes see top point guards dribble past the defense down to the basket to shoot layups (a shot from right next to the basket). A great point guard has the skills to fake out the defensive players, get around them, and score. Point Guard Defensive Responsibilities The best point guards won’t just be strong on offensive but on defense as well. The point guard’s role on defense will depend on what kind of defense the team plays. In basketball, there are two main types of defense: man-to-man and zone. You’ll more typically see man-to-man play in the NBA (or some sort of hybrid of the two). In man-to-man defense, each player is assigned another player on the other team to guard. They are responsible for guarding that player the entire game. In that scenario, the point guard will likely be matched with the other team’s point guard. They’ll try to stop the other team’s point guard from shooting or dribbling closer to the basket. In zone defense, each player is assigned an area of the court to guard, and they need to make sure to guard any opposing team player in their zone. In that case, the point guard typically guards the top of the key. They make sure no one is able to shoot a basket from the top of the key. Summary: What Does a Point Guard Do in Basketball? A point guard is one of the 5 positions on a basketball team. Point guards are the team organizers like quarterbacks in basketball. On offense, they need to be great at dribbling, to bring the ball to their side of the court. They need to be great passers, so they can give the balls to their teammates to create scoring opportunities. They need to be great at shooting from around the 3-point line. The best point guards will also be able to sneak around defense players and make layups. On defense, point guards are responsible for making sure the opposing team players don’t get shots off near the top of the key.

Zeno's Paradox of Achilles and the Tortoise Essay

Zeno's Paradox of Achilles and the Tortoise - Essay Example By our perception of motion, we know that Achilles is faster than the tortoise and thus he can easily overcome the tortoise in any race. We can physically prove our initial hypothesis that Achilles can beat the tortoise in a race and see that Achilles will at some point outrun the tortoise by the distance he has covered in leaps and bounds. Space or distance has always been measured by our senses; our eyes can visibly see that the distance traveled by Achilles is indeed greater than that of the tortoise. But this is what Zeno intends to postulate in the first place: our senses should be discredited as they are illusory and motion is logically impossible. Zeno’s paradox about the footrace of the tortoise and Achilles is built on one basic assumption: that the race between these two has no goal or each runner cannot reach their goal. In that case, the tortoise and Achilles’ course of movement extends to infinity and this is where the absurdity lies; there is no race that extends to infinity else the tortoise and Achilles would forever be moving forward and there would be no race at all. This dialectic reasoning of Zeno implies that Achilles will never catch the tortoise in a footrace, but the deeper implication of this paradox lies in the conclusion that no thing, for example a tortoise, or no one, in general, has a limit. As grandiose as this profound and philosophical conclusion is, Zeno’s paradox suggests that man’s abilities are limitless, very great in amount and degree, or boundless, having no apparent end. This paradox about man then puts forward a notion that his actions extend through an infinite amount of time and space. Our actions cover far greater than our senses can perceive; they extend to the end of time and the end of the universe. This claim becomes practically absurd because we know that time and the universe has no end to begin with while man has through his own death. Going back to Zeno’s paradox, his conclusion

Public speaking Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Public speaking - Assignment Example She pointed that the government could do something of the kind to accept all the oppressed people. The auditorium applauded when she finished but they didn’t listen to her answer and applauded only after the last words ‘Statue of Liberty’. The feedback of the audience wasn’t called by the core of her speech, but by the fact that need to somehow react. The negative feedback of the opponent of the main character was based on the personal hostility and shouldn’t be taken as a constructive critic. Speaking about the main character’s response to the opponent’s aggression, we should mention that as an argument pro her words that it was the 50th birthday. It wasn’t, actually, an argument or even an important fact. So, being in the same situation I would feel quite nervous and annoyed and react another way, for example - try to provide another argument. The girls started arguing on the field of their mutual dislike and provided the far-f etched arguments. So we can conclude that the feedback of the audience and the opponent wasn’t objective at

Films As A Form Of Mass Media Media Essay

Films As A Form Of Mass Media Media Essay When was the last time we spent without media. From the time we get up till we go to bed some form of media is being a part of us. One of the very early and important aspects of communication began with the research in mass media and its influence on public. Such kind of researches began in late nineteenth century and 20th century. The Birmingham center undertook cultural studies analysis on audience. They propagated the idea that the socio-economic life-situation of the audience, their education, class, caste, gender, ethnic and language position had to serve as environment to understand the meaning they make of the media products. In the 1990s Straut Hall redefined the Media Product function in terms of its being a structure of dominance in culture. Todays society is one that is shaped and molded by the mass media. Basically, culture is nothing more than a product of the mass media. However there was significant change in this field of cultural studies in the year 1980s to 1990s, which dealt with the complication of the model of culture as a site of hegemonic contestation between the dominant and the subordinate group. The theories related to culture and communication have depicted how the locations of distinct social groups affects their communication with the hierarchy of location (of the social group) been categorized on the basis of color, class, genders and sexual orientation. This led to the study of these minority groups differently. The revolution and upheaval in the sixties and seventies included a vibrant sexual revolution aided by the feminist movement. It was one of the turning points for the study of queer theory and culture. This change in the cultural studies in general and homosexuality in particular came with the emergence of radical interpretation of queer theory which originated from gay and lesbian studies as a post-modern interpretation of h omosexuality. Prior to the coining of the term queer theory, the study of deviant sexuality was called as gay and lesbian studies. 1.1 MASS MEDIA Mass media is a form of media which is addressed for large audiences (masses). It can be any form of media, broadcast such as television or radio, films, print media such as newspapers, magazines, pamphlets etc. In todays generation internet media can also be considered as mass media because most these existing Medias use internet media to have an advantage of the available medium in many regions of the world. This medium can be termed as the interactive media. To understand mass media first and important step is to understand communication. (Biagi, 1992) Communication is defined as an act of sending or receiving or understanding messages or meaning when delivered from one person to another. When communication is defined in relevance to mass media it can be called as a centralized form of communication. Wallace.C.Fortheringham A process of involving the selection, production, and transmission of signs in such a way as to help a receiver perceive a meaning similar to that in the mind of the communicator. (Andal.N, 1998) Communication through mass media is known as mass communication. Mass communication means using a form of mass media to deliver messages immediately to a large group of people. Mass media today has become one of the popular media as it focuses on the prominent stories which will be of interest to the general public audiences. It is a huge industry as many people all over the world rely on it for some purpose or the other. Mass media today has become one of the most critical parts of human societies. Understanding mass media usually is a process of understanding a population and its culture. These are the tools of large scale manufactures and the distribution of information and related messages. Medium is the message. (Marshall, 1964). This means that mass media are technologies but they are also messages. Todays modern mass media have several functions similar to those fulfilled by the traditional media in some ancient societies. Western modern theorist such as Denis McQuail identified the three major functions of a mass media that is 1) surveivallance of environment 2) interpretation of the information and 3) transmission of heritage. But in todays generation mass medias major functions are information, entertainment, advertising and development. (Dennis, 1998) Though these may be the functions of mass media it does not necessarily mean that audience will perceive mass media for the same reasons. In the book The Play Theory of Mass Communication, William Stephenson argues that fun is both the greatest impact and also the public service of the mass media. So for few mass media might be for time-fillers, for some to fulfill their psychological and social needs, few for information and entertainment. This means that people will perceive media the way they want and according to their likes. Mass media in India has been a major aspect of the society. Its here that media is not consumed for one particular purpose but it is consumed for all, such as information, television, controversies, news, gossips, and chats, psychological or any other. Indian mass media industry has very well understood the societies mind set and they accordingly produce the media products. Its only here where the traditional forms of communication still exist and it also considered being a mass media, example: Folk media. 1.2 EFFECTS OF MASS MEDIA Media effects mean different things to different people, for example for a psychologist effects will mean psychological, for a socialist it will be social so in this way effects differs from person to person. Effects can be classified in various types and gradations as short-term, long-term or deep, profound or superficial. Whoever says the first word to the world is always right said Joseph Goebbels, a mass communication practitioner of odious capability. (Klapper, 1960) . Mass communication is highly effective in creating attitudes on newly arisen or newly evoked issues and that the point of view first expressed will prevail over later persuasive communication in the country. Media effects have been debated and researched for decades together. The mass media has become such an important aspect and an everyday part of the society that many fail to realize the immense impact created by it on the society, aspects such as political, economic and cultural. Mass media today make peoples mind more stereotype and ideological. They do not let people have their own perception about the world rather they make public perceive what they think. For example the transgender. Medias portrayal of transgender has always been comical, tragic or untouchables due to which the society also disagrees to accept them as a part of them. This concept is called as the agenda setting. Media creates an agenda and puts its straight into the publics head and does not allow them to rethink over any of the information provided by it. The work by Harold Lasswell World Outside and the Picture Inside which was the reason for the emerge of the theory agenda setting also says; what public has in mind is totally different from the actual aspects. Walter Lippmann and Boas research on media says that media was biased and subjective and not objective. But at the same time media has positive effects on the societies also. Its only because of mass media the world has come clo ser and international and national information are reaching every region of the world. Media effects are in two ways 1) the individual effects and the societal effects. Today people spend more time in interacting with mass media. Of the approximately 40 hours per week of free time available to average person, 15 hours or 38 percent are spent watching television said Robinson and Goodbey 1997:126. (Ryan Wentworth, 1999). This is more time when compared to the other hobbies or outdoor activities of a human being in their free time. Because people spend much of the time with mass media there evolves an emotional involvement and those are often coined to be negative. As these individual effects are difficult to show empirically. In this same way are the societal effects, where media impact is straight on the society itself and our social world. But these societal effects are easier to see than the individual effects. Media effects can be both positive and negative effects. Media plays a major role in changing the public opinions because they have major access to people and this eventually gives a lot of strength to media. This strength can either be used in a positive way as in educating people or in an unconstructive way by misleading the innocent people. Media has the power to transform the whole society especially in developing countries it can become a weapon of mass destruction. For example : 26/11 Bombay attack media played both positive role in informing the society about second to second happenings of the attack at the same time media also played a role of creating confusion for the government and helping the terrorist with information. Media men have access to people and they have an audience. 1.3 FILMS AS A FORM OF MASS MEDIA The motion picture today is the greatest medium of expression the world has ever known. [It is] capable of giving life and form to all ideas, practical and emotional Its only limitation [is] human ingenuity-said by John.F.Kennedy, A.S.C, 1930. (Sanders Norris, 2001). John.F.Kennedy was an inventor and an American cinematographer. Another footprint in the sand of communication is after the invention of films. Cinema or film a form of Mass Media has become a powerful tool since the day it was introduced to the world. Cinematographic derived from the Greek word meaning movement and writing was invented by the Lumeire Brothers. In 1929, The Lights of Newyork the first talking film was screened. Cinema came to India in 1986, when the film Pundalik directed by R.G.Torney and N.C.Chitra was released in 18th may. The film industry has grown rapidly for the past years and has brought about a lot of changes in the society. Film Communication a process of transferring meanings or informations trough visual receptors. It is a man who creates this form of communication. There exists a cognitive relationship between a filmmaker and a viewer. Cinema is perhaps the mainstreams of all art forms and most accessed and most preferred especially in India. Therefore, it is very important to understand how the country, its people and its aspirations are represented in the cinema. Cinemas can be a form of art, entertainment, social document or critique. Film is a reflection of society for both the present and the past. Film and its innovation sometimes have to catch up to society but sometimes it leads the society and culture too. Lot of studies have been made on the impact of films on the societies culture but however there were a significant changes in the field of cultural studies in the 1980s and the 1990s which dealt with the complications of the model of culture as a site of hegemonic contestation between dominant and the subordinate groups. In todays system of movie making each of the six major studios makes less than 20 movies per year. The rest comes from individual producers, investment, distributors, exhibition each handled by different companies. Most of these independent movies are distributed by the six studios. Film as one such form of mass media has a great impact on the societies in many ways. Film industry is one of the most expensive and discovering industry in mass media. In true sense it is a dream industry. Today movies are created by one group, funded by the second group, sold by the third group and shows by the fourth group. The first group is producers, directors, second group are investors, third are distributors and the final group the exhibitors. Todays generation films have handled a lot of controversial topic has a main plot in this movies. Topics such as religion, terror attacks, transgender, homosexuality, child labor, poverty etc. Movies have actually brought to the world an idea about all the above through their stories and concepts. But at the same time they idealize or generalize few things for the profit sake and public believes it and it finally becomes a stereotype process. This majorly happens in Indian cinemas as most of the stories relate to the audience, if not the story at least segment of it will. Indian movies have a better impact on the audience compared to other movies because it is only in this country people go to the theatre as a practice, habit , sometimes even for information. 1.4 A BRIEF HISTORY OF INDIAN CINEMA (quote) The first and the foremost Indian film show occurred in1896 in July 7th just few months after the Lumiere brothers introduced the art of cinematography in 1895 in Paris. Western Film makers started to take movies such as Fair (1897), Our Indian empire (1897), A Panaroma of Indian Scenes and Procession (1898), and Poona Races 98 (1898), by using Indias exotic culture and its scenery. The first Indian film made by an Indian was Wrestlers by Harischandra S.Bhatyaddekhar in 1899.Harischandra S.Bhatyadekhar is also popularly known as Sava Dada. In 1905 the Elphinstone Bioscope company was established by J.F.Madan, who mainly the first businessman who first envisaged the business opportunity in the Indian film industry. Elphinstone Bioscope Company showed mainly western movies. The first Indian feature film , Pundalik was made in 1912 as a result of growing demand from the audience to see Indian characters on screen. But it was shot by English man and it never really received the acclaim of being an independent feature film. In 1931 the first Indian talkie was made Alam Ara which was a costumed drama of fantasy and songs and was a big success. Soon after this music and fantasy was seen as a vital element of filmic experience. For example: In 1932 Indrasabha has about 70 songs. This was the era when music became a vital part of the industry. Then fascination for social themes aroused and also interplay of tradition with modernization was included in the film making process.by the time of 1940s cinematography played a major role in Indian movies and was a great deal of westernization in the Indian popular cinema along with other features such as dance , fantasy etc. It was during this time that India was going through an economic and cultural changes and religion played a major role in the movies as well as the country. It was this time when directors and actors such like Bimal Roy, Raj Kapooe, Guru Dutt, V Santaram, Mehaboob Khan became popular in both India as well as abroad. The popular cinema art established a form of art , entertainment and industry in 1950s.It was during this period movies such as Awara (The Vagabond, 1951), Pyaasa (Thrist,1957), Kaagaz Ke Phool (Paper Flower, 1959), Shree 420 (Mr., 420, 1955), Mother India (1957), The Apu Trilogy by Sathyajit Ray consisting of Pather Panchali (Song of Road,1955), Aparajito (The Unvanquished, 1956) and Apu Sansar (The World of Apu, 1959) came out. In 1960, the Film Finance Corporation, which was later formed as National Film Development Corporation, for Financing and exporting films was established and by 1961 Film Institute of Pune was started. By 1985 Indian cinema became totally commercialized and few of those movies are Aradhana (1969), Bobby (1973) and Sholay (1975).While movies of 70s seen a lot of politics and social trends movies of 80s saw a violence in the cinema. By the end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th love, affection, passion became a major portion of the cinema and most of the movies were around this plot. Movies such as Kuch Kuch Hota Hai (1998) , Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge ( 1995 ) , Dil to Pagal hai (1997). Today Indian cinema has become more modernized and advanced in technology and with the script and the plot. 1.5 BOLLYWOOD CINEMA Cinema, one Indian film critic has summarized as temples of India (Gupta, 1981) .They are designed to seduce monumental spaces, gleam with light and color, vestibules are plastered with posters of gods and goddess and red carpet Exide desire and wantonness. Devotees come in huge number to take worship, to take darshan at the shrine of the new image, the oneiric image that will create their new gods and even new images. The growth of Indian cinema is obvious from its statistics: 800 films per year shown in more than thirteen thousand urban cinemas, viewed by about 11 million people every day and exported to about 100 countries. Between 1913 and 1981 more than 15 thousand movies were produced in India. Dadasaheb produced the first Indian film Raja Harishchand.In 1983 it was Indias sixth largest industry , grossing around 600$ annually and employees around 300 thousand workers. The first ever movie to be screened in India was in Watsons Hotel in Bombay on the 7th of July 1986. Cinema remains the cultural dominant of India, its sole model of national unity. (Chakravathy, 1993).The structure of the film is therefore designed in to accommodate deep fantasies belonging to extraordinary varied group of people, from illiterate workers to sophisticated urbanities. India is a large country with almost 180 official languages. Films are made in almost 30 of the official languages but among them few are very famous and commercialized. Those languages are Hindi, Tami, Malayalam, Kanada, Bengali; Telugu. This is a great deal of mobility in the Indian film industry. Having established their talent in the regional industry many have travelled and worked in both national as well as international industries, For example: A.R.Rahaman. This industry has spawned countless fan magazines consumed by an ever-widening community of national and diaspora readers. Even in the flourishing are of television, both local and cable, the impact of cinema is present everywhere. Indian cinema nursed a feeling of not being up to the standards of European or Hollywood cinema, not really world class. But with the international recognition of Sathyajit Rays Pather Panchali in Venice (1956) a sense of liberation aroused leaving aside the feeling of inferiority. Moreover since the movie hailed not only as good film but as great Indian film, Indian cinema became aware of the Indians. Among all the above Bollywood industries performance is on the top and its have more percentage of audience compared to others regional languages. Bollywood has its reach all over the country because majority of the people know Hindi in the country. In the context of Indian commercial cinemas basically Hindi cinemas or Bombay cinemas is the largest player. Bombay cinemas have seen to transcended class and also linguistic difference by emphatically stressing and Myths on Indian social survive in spite of the changes. (Raina, 1986). Bollywood fame at the moment is not limited only in South Asia but is also spread far across the ocean. Besides Asia, Bollywood movies are released in east Africa, the Caribbean, the Middle East, Britain, Canada, Australia, the United States and the other countries. People in the east as well as in the west recognize the Bollywood faces like Amitabh Bachchan, Shahrukh Khan and Aishwarya Rai. The dominance of Bollywood stars in the advertising world indicates the popularity of Bollywood. In previous days, Bollywood was famous for its music and dancing, but these days it is famous for the good and sensitive movies. Many Bollywood movies have explored various social issues such as child marriage, polygamy, dowry system, castes and terrorism. 1.6 HOMOSEXUALS Homosexuals or homosexuality is a romantic or sexual attraction between members of the same gender or sex. It is one of the three main categories of sexual orientation along with the bisexual and heterosexuality. Scientific and medical understanding is that sexual orientation is not only the choice but also due to complex interplay of the biological and environmental factors. Today there are many who still holds the fact that homosexuality is unnatural or dysfunctional, many research has shown that homosexuality is an example of normal variation in human sexuality and not a source of psychological effects. The most common terms for homosexuals are lesbians and gays. Lesbians are mentioned for females and gays for males though gay is also used to refer generally to both homosexuals males and females sometimes. These relationships are equivalent to heterosexuals in the same essential psychological respects. Since the movement of the 19th century, there has been a movement towards increased visibility recognition ad legal rights for homosexual people including the rights to marriage and civil unions and parenting, employment, and the introduction to the anti-bullying legislation to protect LGBT minors. LGBT a community in help for the minorities. LGBT expansion is lesbians, gays, bi-sexual and transgender. In use since 1990 the term LGBT is an adaptation of LGB which was a phrase replacing the gay community in late 1980s.This LGBT has become a main stream and has been adopted by many of the English speaking countries? LGBT is generally used to refer the non-heterosexual people or cisgender instead of exclusively to homosexual, lesbians and transgender. The stereotype images about lesbians, gays, and the LGBT people are conventional, generalizations or the opinion created through images or Medias portrayal. A negative stereotype is often a result of homophobia where as positive stereotype also exists but they might still be harmful or hurtful. Kinseys colleague and biographer, Wardell Pomeroy reports that : By the end of 1940 he had recorded more than 450 homosexual histories, enough to convince him that the psychologists were making matters worse by starting with the assumption that homosexuality was an inherited abnormality which could not be cured simply because it was inherent. Kinsey was convinced that there was absolutely no evidence of inheritance. (Pomeroy, 1972) Two theories are related to homosexuality. As in what causes the basic homosexuality attraction. First is that it is oriented by biological and genetic factors to put it in simple term they are born gays or lesbians. The other theory is that they are oriented due to social or environmental factors. In the public sphere later theory has appeared to be in decline and the former gaining favor in the recent decades. American Psychiatric Association, according to them until 1974 homosexuality was a mental illness. Freud had in fact mentioned about homosexuality several times in his writings and he has also concluded that homosexuality and paranoia are inseparable. And since many psychiatrists wrote copiously on the subject, it was treated on a wide basis. Homosexuals have not received proper treatment from the society before and now also. They have been abused in many ways including physical abuse. Hostility and discrimination against homosexual individuals are well-established facts. (Beril, 1990). In fact, more than 90% of gay men and lesbians report being targets of verbal abuse or threats, and more than one-third report being survivors of violence related to their homosexuality. 1.7 MEDIAS POTRAYAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY There are a variety of ways that the media affects and tracks the attitudes that the public has toward homosexuals. (Anderson, Fakhfakh, Kondylis, 1999). Media portrayal of homosexuality people ranges from both positive to negative aspects. The gay community is battling with the negative image and is trying its level best to overcome the stereotypes the television, films and other media have created. Because LGBT people look alike and just like anyone else the media often adds images to make the gay community visible as a difference in skin color, behavior, attitude, habits etc. In many form of entertainment gay are portrayed as promiscuous, flashy and incredibly bold. In recent day there is a huge wide spread views that gays should be omitted from child entertainment which invariably creates controversies. The people in the media were criticizing homosexuals as if there are no homosexual partnerships that exist with simply two people who love each other as in a heterosexual relationship. Most of the homosexual relationships are open and honest it is just that media does not focus on them as they are catering their interest in increasing homophobia by their representation of homosexuals in the news they air , television or films. When homosexuals are portrayed on network television they are usually presented in a negative stereotypical way. (Wood, 1996).However some form of representation of homosexuality which is immediate and economical is required in order to show the exact gayness to the audience. It is often not very practical to portray characters sexuality through narrative or any other form so media starts to rely on the typification. Gay typification makes people visible to the viewer and keeps the homosexuality if the character present throughout the text or the content. So wh ich are clearly both advantages and disadvantages to this form of typification. 1.8 HOMOSEXUALITY IN BOLLYWOOD MOVIES With all of the current media coverage homosexuals are receiving it should come as no surprise that more and more gay characters and gay-themed movies are emerging from Bollywood. These characters and movies often tend to fully personify the Homosexual stereotypes that exist in our society today. Many gay-themed movies have made their way into the lime-light and gay characters are popping up in dozens of mainstream movies. By looking closely at these movies and characters we can see the different messages Bollywood is now sending out about gays. Though homosexual stereotypes are emerging in the movie industry, the stereotypes being generated are extremely different from one another. The gay-themed movies often create one picture of homosexuals, while mainstream movies tend to paint an entirely different picture. Gays are portrayed in perceivably negative ways in some movies and in others their characteristics are emphasized in a positive light and in few in a comical way. Mainstream movies, nowadays, often include minor characters that are gay. With the addition of so many minor, gay characters, endless stereotypes abound in these mainstream movies. Unfortunately, mainstream movies often focus on the negative stereotypes that have already been generated by society, thereby furthering the impact they have on peoples views towards gays. The movies focus on surface-level aspects of homosexuals like the way they act, look, and talk. Most often the movies dont delve into the deeper sides of these characters, thereby sending the message that gays are one dimensional. One strong example of stereotypes in mainstream movie is Dostana. With all the conflicting stereotypes of gays in movies today, it is extremely important that people step back and look at the big picture. They should view some of the lesser-known gay-themed movies so they are presented with a more real look at homosexuals. Too often people try to peg homosexuals as definitively acting one way or another, and if we only view movies that perpetuate stereotypes than our personal ideas of homosexual behavior will most likely remain. Instead, it is important for people to understand that, outside of who they sleep with; gays are no different from everyone else. The movies selected are Dostana, Fire, Dono Y and Girlfriend. All the above four movies deal with the concept of homosexuality in the main plot. All the four movies are well known and have got its own reach among the public. Dostana : 1.9 PERCEPTION ` Perception is many things to us. It is the present, from which the memories of the past and thoughts of the future are created by the brain. It is our reality. People behavior and judgment is based on their perception. They interpret what they see and call it reality. Our perception is an approximation of reality. Our brain attempts to make sense out of the stimuli to which we are exposed. There are five stage processes in the formation of perception: Perception: Sensing Process Perception happens in one or some of the five ways below: Through something seen Through something heard Through something smelled Through something felt by skin Through something tasted. There is an abundance of stimulation hitting our senses in every moment hence some stimulation is filtered out in this state. Then, the stimulation are preserved for which we so our conscious awareness. Perception : Integration The second stage is the integration process which there is a comparison between the filtered in and filtered out data. This comparison largely depends on the area where an individual provides more attention. Thus the stimulus which we focus becomes the attended stimuli. At first, the attended stimuli are turned into images on the retina and later they are transformed into electrical signals that are transferred through the brain. Perception : Analysis This stage, an individual is aware of the environmental stimuli. Thus, they start analyzing and interpreting the perceived objects in order to provide meaning and context to the perceived stimuli. The analysis of the stimuli which an individual has perceived depends on many factors like that of past experiences, feelings, emotions, values, memories, cultural belief sets. The level and the degree of these influences are different for every individual. One same object can be perceived in different manners by different people. For this reason, perception is not called to be real. Perception : Reaction The process of integration and analysis finally leads to the decision making process and thats the time when action needs to be carried out. At the starting level, the decision is to act or not is solely dependent on motivation. Though, an individual feels at some instance that he/she is left with no option but there is always a set of alternatives from which an individual can choose. The meanings which are provided to be perceived stimulus will shape individuals choices and actions. Perception : Decision Making All decisions of human beings are based on the instinct of self-preservation. Every individual tries to maximize their chances of survival and preservation. This common instinct of motivation ends the similarity among individuals and we are hence different among each other from our thoughts, behavior and perception. When individuals express their individuality through their choices they move forward to achieve the goal of self-perception. The two factors affecting individuals perceptions are the internal and the external factors. Internal Factors The internal factors are related to the state of an individual. The internal factor is how the individual behaves for a situation on the basis of his/her mindset, emotions and understanding of the situation. Internal factors also include previous experience and the psychological factor also. An individual learns from the past experiences and moreover the perception is built many a times due to the past experiences. The psychological factor contains the emotions, feeling, behavior, motivation. Individual mindset is a mixer of emotions and hence at many times people tends to show mixed emotions which also affects the perception. External Factors It concerns with the people and the environment with whom an individual grows and survives. It also includes family, peer group friends, cultural group, etc. These peopl

Reluctant Works Case Study

This case study is based on a conversation between two people: Tim Aston, a new project manager, and Phil Davies, director of project management. Aston had just changed jobs and was very excited about his new job. He wanted to be the best manager his company ever had. But ever since he had been on the job, he was becoming more and more frustrated with the employees and their work habits. Finally he went to see Davies and discuss his problems with him. Chapter Four of our text discusses the ten skills that are necessary for effective program management. (Kerzner, 2009, pg.149) Of those skills, I felt that there were three that were lacking in the case study. The problems that he discussed with Davies involved mainly team building, leadership, and administrative – time management skills. The case study showed that the lack of these things caused a hardship for management in an effort to complete necessary goals. Team building focuses on â€Å"effective communications, sincere i nterest in the professional growth of team members, and the commitment to the project† (Kerzner, 2009, pg. 149). The success of the team was not a priority in the lives of these individuals.They did what they wanted and how they wanted, regardless of how if would affect the team, project manger or the project. Phil Davies, the director, explained to Tim Aston, the project manager, that these people were set in their ways, at the top of their pay grades, and had no room for growth in the organization. Tim would have to take the time to learn what motivates them and try a different angle in order to get them involved. Phil stated that in the project environment, the workers think they are more important than the project and this has been the way it has been in their project organizational form.  (Kerzner, 2009, pg. 294)Tim will have to start from scratch. He will have to build a foundation with his team in order to bring them together. Phil also seemed to be very passive aggre ssive by acting like the workers were right and the project manager was wrong. Not supportive from a management stand point either. The purpose of Tim’s outreach to Phil was for support and guidance but all he received was a push off letting him know that he was on his own. Leadership is the second skill that was needed in this situation. Leadership is motivation for the team to  tackle challenges.A leader has to have emotional intelligence or empathy in order to be able to understand his team. For you to accomplish an objective you have to persuade your team to believe in the same goal. Being a role model is part of leadership. Management of the performance of the team and provision of support and development or growth of the team’s technical skills is all part of leadership. The lack of leadership from Tim proved that he was unable to resolve the conflicts that he encountered with the workers.There should have been a team meeting called in order to review the objec tives of the project and the team, state what his expectations were in completing them, as well as policies and procedures that they have to adhere to in the process. In the text, Kerzner also specifies several things that project managers do that are caused by a loss of understanding. These things end up causing time management problems for the project. The final skill that he needed to be proficient in was time management skills. A skilled project manager needs to be experienced in developing a schedule and doing what was necessary to maintain that schedule.It is unacceptable for the project manager to wait for someone else to make a decision that is his own responsibility. In this case study Aston had the responsibility for the project. He was responsible for managing his team and making sure that everyone was there. He failed at this task so he went to Davies for help. Aston made no attempt to coordinate schedules of his team for the project. He would have known of the forthcomi ng conflicts in advance and would have been able to modify the schedule accordingly. The project manager need socializing time with employees in addition to just seeing them during meetings.This is necessary to get to know them and their needs. Tim Aston’s skills in dealing with his project staff and functional manager leave a lot to be desired. His functional managers are not accountable due to his laissez faire leadership. They in term cause the failure of his projects. This is where the team building skills lacked causing his effectiveness as a project manager to falter. He has not taken charge or control of the team and there is no cohesive team to work on project’s objectives. With no leadership, the project management is non-existent and the team is none existent.No direction of the team means the morale and motivation of the team members is extremely low. Being the new â€Å"kid on the block†, the other team members have they own agenda moving forward and he has an uphill battle to connect with them. He lacks emotional intelligence in thinking he can just come in among his subordinates, who are years older than him, and gain their trust and confidence. He lacks self-confidence and turns to the director help instead of facing the challenges head on. This further diminishes the team’s confidence in him as a leader for the team. Tim Aston has not taught his team the importance of time management.By leaving them to manage their official time the way they want, he undermines the achievement of the project’s goals or objectives. Time management, being vital successful completion of a project, has to be inculcated into the team at all cost. A person who is not willing to respect time allocated to the project should not be part of the team. The issue of employees going on vacation or doing other activities instead of accomplishing important projects should not arise. Once time is set aside for projects it should become non-neg otiable, thus workers will come to respect the projects goals.As the goals set are met, self-motivation within the team will rise. Lack of communication by Tim Aston has contributed to the lackluster performance of the team. Being a new employee, he should have communicated his vision and ideas effectively to the team. The team might be at a loss as to his intensions for the projects. Meeting with them in advance and communicating his needs could have enabled him to know the feelings of the team. They could have ironed out their differences and he would have got a chance to persuade them on his new way of thinking. Mr.Davies involvement further alienated him from the staff below him and making communication more difficult because he still did not communicate with them. The management of the company gave Tim Aston very little support. By supporting the needs the functional managers, they have denied Tim Aston the support and advantage he needed to have his team comply. As a new proje ct manager, upper level management needed to give strong and unequivocal support of Tim to be able to take charge of the subordinates who considered him irrelevant to their needs and too young to understand their position.With no support, it is clear that the functional managers send the message that they don’t care if their lack of commitment will sabotage the new project manager. Management implies that the problem is with Tim Aston and not the subordinates by suggesting that he take a study in human relations. Adding yet another hit to further diminish the authority and confidence of the project manager. Tim totally believed he would receive a very different level of support from management.Team building is important to project manager, as without a cohesive team, the pooling of resources and talents that is vital in any company’s operations is not possible. A team that is not united in purpose cannot meet targets. Time management determines productivity. Effective time management diminishes waste both of resources and personnel motivation as without it concentration, focus and interests wanes. In any environment, personality and ideas conflicts are inevitable thus; conflict resolution or management maintains a cordial environment for workers and allocation of resources.Finally, for all these to be possible, effective communication as a leader has to be utilized by the project manager to pass his ideas to his team and from the company’s management to guide everybody on the expectations of the company. The recommendation that can be given to the company is that a supportive environment is of the utmost importance to the application of the project manager’s critical skills. Without it, application of these skills in achieving personnel motivation, resource allocation and other objectives would be an exercise in futility.The exercise of leadership skills and style by the project manager and company will influence the morale and moti vation of workers affecting productivity. Project managers should find importance in understanding the culture and system of values for the company they work for. As mentioned throughout several class discussions, taking the time to get to know the functional staff can promote effective cohesion in a team in order to get the project completed correctly in am efficient and effective manner.

The Ideologies Put Forth By Paulo Freire - 1215 Words

The ideologies put forth by Paulo Freire including liberation education, pedagogy of the oppressed, inequality and pedagogy of possibility gives educators hope. These are the educators who are dedicated to bring about positive change in education and by extension society. Freire’s contribution to education through his research and theories resonates with Trinbagonian educators as it encompasses issues of slavery, colonialism, post colonialism social mobility and democracy. Furthermore, Freire’s ontology is grounded in comprehensive philosophical underpinnings including that of John Dewey and Jean Piaget. Their contributions have shaped education internationally as well as locally. Thus, the authors’ critique of Freire’s work in an attempt to restructure his theories is a worthwhile analysis and allows for self-reflection, critical thinking and the assurance of hope, in that, if education does nothing else, it must inspire hope in reference to the scho ol of pragmatism. Such an educational philosophy in the words to Giroux (2007), points to a future in which democratic practices create the conditions for each generation of youth to struggle anew to sustain the promise of a democracy that has no end point, but that must be continuously expanded into a world of new possibilities and opportunities for keeping justice and hope alive. (p.201) Education as a Practice of Freedom: Freire’s Argument Emerging from Freire’s work in Brazil in the late 1950’s and early 1960’sShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Posing By Paulo Freire889 Words   |  4 Pagesclass, that, by definition, would be closer to the problem-posing classroom that Paulo Freire describes in his piece The ‘Banking’ Concept of Education. In his works, Paulo Freire asserts that the â€Å"problem-posing education makes them [the students] critical thinkers† (Freire 221). As Freire describes, a class that implements the problem-posing policy is one in which students are to become critical thinkers. Freire would have been ecstatic that other educators carried out his ideas in their ownRead MoreThe Mosaic Of Diverse Cultures And Ethnic Backgrounds1688 Words   |  7 Pagesexistence of anti-racist education (Miner, 2014). The current curriculum in schools is predominantly Eurocentric. This is prevalent because â€Å"for the oppressors, what is worthwhile is to have more†¦even at the cost of the oppressed having less† (Paulo Freire, p. 58, 1970/2014). In this case society is predisposed toward white culture; in supporting this as our main source of knowledge we oppress those in our country who belong to different cultures and take away their voices. Because instruction onRead MoreTransformative Learning Theory— an Overview5690 Words   |  23 Pagesunderstand the implications and insights gained from discussing the various unresolved issues about transformative learning theory. This overview is followed by two alternative perspectives of transformative learning: Boyd’(transformative education) and Freire’(social transfors s mation) that contribute to our understanding of transformative pedagogy. Mezirow: A Rational Transformation Transformative learning offers a theory of learning that is uniquely adult, abstract, idealized, and grounded in theRead MoreHistorian as curandera Essay4547 Words   |  19 Pagescurandera Abstract History is story we tell ourselves as Khalil Gibran Muhamad defined it , or Story we tell ourselves about how past explains our present and the way story is told is shaped by contemporary needs as Aurora Levnis Morales nicely put it. Likewise it could be stated that we become stories we tell ourselves. Thus, history has role in construction of our identity. Given the importance of the story for us, could it be different story then the one we are told in mainstream media and